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下图为系统启动过程中网络配置文件如何被读取的简单示意图：
init-->inittab-->rc.sysinit-->/etc/network | |-->rc run-level(3)-->rc3.d-->init.d/network | |-->init.d/iptables | |-->init.d/openibd |
下面我们来具体看一下这张图，首先我们知道系统在启动过程中会起一个init进程，然后init进程根据inittab文件会运行一些系统初始化脚本（具体参考：Linux Init Process / PC Boot Procedure） ，这里我们例具被调用的和网络相关的脚本：
1.rc.sysinit 会运行/etc/sysconfig/network
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then . /etc/sysconfig/network |
看一下/etc/sysconfig/network 的内容：
[root@hostname etc]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=no NOZEROCONF=yes HOSTNAME= GATEWAY= GATEWAYDEV=eth0 |
接下来系统根据run-level（通常为3）运行相应的脚本：
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 |
上面这个脚本会调用以下脚本：
[root@fraespou23cel01 rc3.d]# ls -ltr S* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 31 10:39 S15mdmonitor -> ../init.d/mdmonitor lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Jan 31 10:39 S99local -> ../rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 31 10:39 S90crond -> ../init.d/crond lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Jan 31 10:39 S80sendmail -> ../init.d/sendmail lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jan 31 10:39 S58ntpd -> ../init.d/ntpd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jan 31 10:39 S55sshd -> ../init.d/sshd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Jan 31 10:39 S55lsi_mrdsnmpd -> /etc/init.d/lsi_mrdsnmpd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 31 10:39 S50snmpd -> ../init.d/snmpd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Jan 31 10:39 S30cellwall -> ../init.d/cellwall lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Jan 31 10:39 S26lm_sensors -> ../init.d/lm_sensors lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 31 10:39 S25netfs -> ../init.d/netfs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Jan 31 10:39 S13irqbalance -> ../init.d/irqbalance lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Jan 31 10:39 S12syslog -> ../init.d/syslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 10:39 S10network -> ../init.d/network lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 10:39 S03sysstat -> ../init.d/sysstat lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Jan 31 11:13 S01fusion.mptctl -> ../init.d/fusion.mptctl lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Jan 31 11:13 S11auditd -> ../init.d/auditd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Jan 31 11:14 S99ocrvottargetd -> ../init.d/ocrvottargetd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jan 31 11:14 S98exachkcfg -> ../init.d/exachkcfg lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Jan 31 11:14 S27ipmi -> ../init.d/ipmi lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 31 11:14 S20kdump -> ../init.d/kdump lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 11:14 S08precell -> ../init.d/precell lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 11:14 S05openibd -> ../init.d/openibd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jan 31 11:15 S99celld -> ../init.d/celld |
我们可以看到和网络相关的脚本会被运行：
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 10:39 S10network -> ../init.d/network lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 31 11:14 S05openibd -> ../init.d/openibd |
/etc/init.d/network 脚本会启动所有ONBOOT=yes的网络设备。
更多资料请参考：
Linux Network Configuration
Quick HOWTO : Ch03 : Linux Networking
Linux Networking HOWTO